When it comes to finding the perfect shoes to wear with cropped dress pants, ballerina flats are always a good bet. Q. Feb 3, 2004 · CurtDZ wrote:2 answer lil homie's question the correct way (Los Angeles OG style) Rips 2 the left / Damus 2 the right In Chi-Town or places where there are VL or GD or Folks Aug 12, 2010 · Sureno’s wear the LA Dodger hat simply because it is blue, and represents southern California; the Dodger hat has been synonymous with Crips and Surenos since the gang’s early beginnings. Other gangs prefer baggy or “sagging” pants or baseball caps turned at an angle. Jan 8, 2023 · Bandana Colors to Avoid. Discuss general Black gangs in Los Angeles County which include Bloods, Crips, Hustlers, Crews and Independent groups in Here's a breakdown from investigators: Blue stands for Gangster Disciples OR Crips. When looking for shoes to wear with a red dress, another great metallic besides gold, is silver. ) Aug 20, 2023 · All Hoover Crip sets wear the colors blue & orange. It’s either that, or they dress like regular country white boys. The Crips in Minnesota represent to the left. Plus, they call each other “cuz” or “blood killer“. In some cases, the gang may also wear purple accessories such as hats, shoes, and other 1. ” “The Crips were founded in Los Angeles in the late 1960s. The term “Crip” was coined by African-American gangs to describe themselves as they were perceived as being more violent than other street gangs. The “C” sign: Members hold up their hands in the shape of a letter ‘C,’ representing Crips, with the thumb tucked under the index finger. May 29, 2022 · What Do Real Gangsters Wear? The 1920s gangster costume can be summed up as men in dark suit jackets (often striped, never black) with matching vests and pants, white or black band fedora hat, contrasting tie, and a cigar in mouth. If you want to represent your gang, throw some colored laces in to rep your hood. Rapper Cardi B has been linked to the Bloods gang Credit: Getty Images. Some people believe the origin of the color is from the school colors of Washington High School in . The “P” logo makes an obvious match for L. The crips are a mostly african-american gang who wear the color blue to show their affiliation. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The Grape Street Crips use Purple as their main color, accompanied by other secondary colors such as Grey, Black, White, and Yellow. SIDE NOTES: MOST, Hoover sets have flipped from the ''Hoover Crips'' to the ''Hoover Criminals''. These two gangs from Los Angeles have different histories, reasons for forming, beliefs, and cultures. colour, branding, identity), but that didn’t stop a rampant sneaker culture from emerging. Slip-ons are easy to put on and take off. Red's the pick of Bloods and sometimes Vice-Lords. Yet another member of the large Crips criminal family, the Boulevard Mafia Crips are an African-American gang active primarily in northern Long Beach. There have been many associations on bandanas that shy’s away from their primary usage. Feb 3, 2004 · what side do crips wear and carry they rags. The Bloods wear red and use the number five, while the Crips wear blue and use six-point stars. Why Jan 9, 2018 · The color blue came in the early 1970’s when a founding member of the Crips, Buddha, was shot and killed. The Crips are known for wearing blue as their primary color to signify their affiliation. You can hoop in these, you can run, you can rob, you can do drive by’s in these shoes. Sep 10, 2012 · Hardly nobody in the NBA was wearing old-school Chuck Taylors in the ’80s. Whether a classic pair of black ankle boots, combat boots or a funky pair of western-inspired cowboy boots. ) Reasoning: Black and gold Yankee hats used to be a staple among the Latin Kings, but the Pittsburgh Pirate fitted has recently become more prominent. The Black Feb 4, 2024 · 2. Long socks, bald head, dickies etc but with like Metal Militia, Fox or some other brand like that for the shirt or something. co. The second jail shoes resemble slippers or canvas loafers. hoodrichbaby21 smith ∙. The two gangs have been linked to criminal activity like drug trafficking, robbery, murder for hire, extortion, and prostitution. By 1976 the Jordan Down Crips transitioned their name to Grape Street Crips under Kenneth “Crow” Day and during this time the Grape Street Crips which consisted of the Black members and the Watts Varrio Grape, the Mexicans were aligned. Oct 17, 2023 · Slip-Ons - Ease and Convenience: Slip-on shoes, sometimes resembling slippers or canvas loafers, are commonly used in low-security settings or within specific prison areas, such as cells or communal spaces. 25 Oct 2018. A color and association that would stick to this day. Worn by: Latin Kings (Chicago, New York), Piru Bloods (L. ’s Cedar Block Piru set of Bloods. Chucks got old-looking fast. In the early 00s, the Crips took to wearing the classic shoe and turned Adidas into an acronym for “All Day I Disrespect All Slobs” among the gang’s members. First walkers are really best for somewhat accomplished walkers. The interlocking “LA” makes the hat the perfect choice for Latin Aspects, and the Dodger “D” emblazoned version Crips typically do not wear red, as red is the primary color associated with their rival gang, the Bloods. Can Bloods wear blue? The Bloods and Crips distinction is complex. Yellow or black would be a regular color for the Vice Lords," says James Pavatte, also with Oct 14, 2019 · If you’re worried about crop jeans visually cutting off the leg and making you appear shorter, pairing them with a bootie in a similar or low contrast color will help create one long, lean leg line. However, it's important to note that colors and affiliations can vary among different Crip sets and are not universal. Black and White: Commonly associated with different factions of the Gangster Disciples. Flesh-out leather: Flesh-out leather is just what its name implies: the flesh-facing portion of the leather faces outward. The gang may pick a college or professional sports team whose logo, uniform color combination or initials have specific meaning to them. When it comes to the right shoes to pair with your romper during the fall and winter months, ankle boots will never go amiss. Low-top lace-up sneakers (often referred to as “tennis shoes”) pair nicely with capris as well, especially if they are jogger capris. Slip-On Sneakers/Low Top Sneakers. The term “Blood” was used by white gang members to refer […] Police footwear is typically a combination of two or more of the following materials in order to increase durability while reducing weight. The Ben Davis shirt or flannel was another $15 or $20. for hoover52 hoover is one of the few hoover sets that still claim to be part of the cripshoover sets go from 50 to 100other hoover sets colors may include purple or blackbut ALWAYS wear orangeits the main hoover criminal color for all sets. The length of your crop pants is still important with sock booties. The colors they wear signify their gang affiliation – red for Bloods and blue for Crips Jan 15, 2021 · Crips is an acronym that allegedly stands for Community Revolution in Progress. M. (Kids and young toddlers who can walk outside, for example. Intimidation and retaliation spur the growth and violence of black Los Angeles street gangs. Sep 27, 2023 · Gangs often wear purple as part of their daily attire. 00:00. A cholo or chola is a member of a Chicano and Latino subculture or lifestyle associated with a particular set of dress, behavior, and worldview which originated in Los Angeles. 10. Jan 25, 2010 · In a different era, gang members of the 1920s and 1930s were dressed in expensive suits and wore shirts and ties. When a gang member uses hand signs, it is often called “throwing,” “throwing up,” or “flashing” gang signs. “The Crips are one of the largest and most violent street gangs in the United States. www. Mar 31, 2021 · According to Black Los Angeles, "Between 1972 and 1979, the rivalry between Crips and the Bloods would grow, accounting for a majority of the approximately 450 gang-related murders in South Los Angeles. They like to wear sports clothing, including jackets and bandanas that show their gang color, while the Crips have been wearing the blue color since around 1973. Over the course of his career, Sharma has had three shoe sponsors; Five Ten (1998 – 2006), Evolv (2006 – 2016), and most recently Tenaya (2018 – present) In the early Oct 29, 2023 · The 6-point crown is a prominent symbol associated with the Crips gang. Yet, they offer less support than sneakers. The color purple is often associated with power, strength, and loyalty which is why it is often used by gangs. +16. Dec 28, 2021 · 4. There are thousands of gangs in the U. They were founded in Los Angeles and have an estimated 30,000 - 35,000 members. ” “He was wearing a blue bandana, which is often associated with the Crips. Or fastest delivery Jun 17 - 20. Their reputation solidified over time, leading to an intricate system of signs that became an integral part of their identity. Sep 28, 2017 · MS-13 leaders in El Salvador use money sent to them by U. The Bloods’ gang color is red. Members of the gang often wear blue clothing, such as bandanas, hats, shirts, and shoes, to signify their affiliation with the group. Jul 31, 1996 · July 31, 1996. Aug 25, 2022 · What do Crips wear? It is extremely important to realize and understand that not everyone who wears a particular color, or who has a tattoo, is a gang member. homefrontprotect. [1] A veterano or veterana is an older member of the same subculture. Apr 5, 2021 · What are the colors of the Crips gang? Crips rep Blue and certain sets have other colors: Grape Street-purple, and Hoover Criminals-orange. You had Puma, Adidas, Nike. Sort by: TrapZaneGaye. ∙ 1mo ago. "Red would be a war color for the Vice-Lords. Whether it be pointed-toe pumps. What does 550 mean in blood? Aug 25, 2022 · In the early 00s, the Crips took to wearing the classic shoe and turned Adidas into an acronym for “All Day I Disrespect All Slobs” among the gang’s members. The only rule is that Crips are NOT allowed to wear a red bandana &amp; Bloods are NOT allowed to wear a blue bandana, but as far as a Crip wearing red shirt, shoes, pants or whatever, yeah Crips are allowed to wear red &amp; the same goes for Bloods being allowed to Apr 25, 2024 · Crips traditionally wear blue bandanas, hats, and clothing to represent their gang affiliation. Buddha would always wear a blue bandana, and so, as tribute to him a blue bandana was worn by Crip members. • 5 yr. The Vice Lords wear black and gold, while the Crips vs. What type of shoes do Crips wear? The Adidas Superstar is associated with much more than Run-D. We’d wear them with baggy pants and the Ben Davis shirts. This is done to signify their group identity and to show respect for fellow gang members. Aug 25, 2022 · Hat. The Crips are various closely affiliated street gangs established in Los Angeles, California, approximately in 1969. Aug 25, 2022 · The 55 Neighbor Hood Crips are a small African American street gang founded in the 1970s in South Los Angeles, California. What hats do Gangster Disciples wear?Q. These signals often involve folding or showing a specific colored bandana, representing the gang’s colors. NorthFace NorthFace North Pole Clothing NuBalance Polo Polo Reebok Rocawear Rocawear Southpole Southpole Triple 5 Soul Triple 5 Soul. From its root word meaning “to tie”, we can now see people wearing custom Aug 25, 2022 · What type of shoes do Bloods wear? The notorious U. The Compton Crips are a large umbrella, made up of several sub-gangs located throughout the city of Compton, California . uk Chicago White Sox Ball Cap | South Los 13 & Rolling 60 Oct 23, 2019 · Number #8: Boston Red Sox. A typical outfit included an all-black, grey, or pinstriped suit with a tie. The Bloods vs The Crips Rivalry Jun 1, 2024 · Bloods, widely recognized for their symbolic red attire and accessories, encompass a network of various sub-factions, often referred to as "sets," each operating with a degree of autonomy yet upholding a collective identity against rival entities, notably the Crips. The Compton Crips were founded by Mac Thomas, in the 1960s. Protective Group Law Enforcement Training. This option does mean having the right romper to pair with your boots. They cost around $25 or $30 as well, so they were cheap and we could afford them. However, not all members will visibly display these colors depending on the situation. Oct 25, 2018 · Administrative systems worked hard to strip all identifiers (e. $1199. The Gangster Disciples Nation. . ago. The Crips were formed in 1969 in Los Angeles and have since become one of the largest street gangs in the United States. and the 80s. Why: The Crips and Sureños are all about Dodger blue. Crop flare jeans with leather flip flops. First walkers have a firmer, grippier bottom for extra stability and protection when walking. Gang members wore an evolving uniform; bandannas, T-shirts, shoes and even earrings to signal their affiliation. Still today you see many Clown and C-walkers using this shoe. One of their famous members, rapper The Game would wear this hat a lot when he Red Hats: Often signify affiliation with the Bloods. 1 Share. The set was founded in the 80s – a sub-product of the crack epidemic that plagued the poorest neighborhoods of California. NUMBER (3) The number 3 spot is held by a brand of shoes rather than a specific one; Adidas. 3. Cincinnati Reds. Wearing red, especially in neighborhoods controlled by Crips, can be seen as a provocative act and may lead to confrontations or misunderstandings. Crip gang signs images can vary in complexity and meaning. Some wear particular brands of shoes, pants, shirts or professional sports gear. Jun 6, 2015 · Melvin Farmer remembers the days when Bloods and Crips openly flashed their colors. Sep 24, 2023 · 1. Slip-on for ease and convenience. Gang members tie the bandana of the gang color on Some shoes like Nike Cortez’s have been described as the most gangster shoes in the world because of their popularity among the members of the MS-13 gang, which also happens to be one of the most dreaded gangs in North America. Aug 19, 2023 · The only rule is that Crips are NOT allowed to wear a red bandana & Bloods are NOT allowed to wear a blue bandana, but as far as a Crip wearing red shirt, shoes, pants or whatever, yeah Crips are Jul 10, 2013 · But when Evans stepped out of a friend’s house wearing blue in a part of South Los Angeles controlled by the Swan Bloods, a member of the gang pedaling past took offense and opened fire on him Aug 20, 2023 · The Crips originated in South Central Los Angeles in the 1970s and quickly became known for their violent activities and rivalry with other gangs like the Bloods. ∙ 11y ago. We’d get the pants for like $15. Red. All these other companies had the shell toes, the fly colors Gangs are careful to identify themselves to each other and to others in their community. brogues or sandals, they make a great pair! Silver shoes are best matched with metallic jewelry in the same shade along with a red dress. A. com Aug 9, 2017 · Image: Nike. Bloods can wear blue the color banging isn't really relevant these days people still wear their colors but can wear any colors they want these days which I don't know why its kind of a safety hazard when you got crips wearing red in a crip neighborhood but I guess there has been people Sep 15, 2023 · What does Crip and Blood mean? The only differences between the Bloods &amp; the Crips are, the Bloods wear red &amp; the Crips wear blue. Adopted by: Norteños (Northern California), Stoned Freaks (Chicago) Why: The 49ers' red and gold is representative of northern California's Norteños. They can vary in meaning and may include pointing, holding up fingers, or other Oct 19, 2018 · Crib shoes are designed to fit newborns to babies around 6-9 months old. What Baseball Hats Do Bloods Wear? Jon Floyd August 25, 2022. That look is normal for every race out here though, everybody country out here pretty much. Apr 25, 2024 · The Crips set known to wear yellow is the "Rollin' 40s Neighborhood Crips" based in California. Ballerina Flats. " Gangs mark their turf with graffiti in their colors, displaying gang symbols. Jun 21, 2023 · 8. The Gangster Disciples Nation, which is a gang under the Folk Nation wear the color Black, they also wear gray & sometimes blue. This kind of leather is known for its durability. Jun 12, 2023 · The two gangs have their symbols and behavior. The Crips, recognizable by their blue-themed apparel, also encompass numerous The Crips are a primarily African-American alliance of street gangs that are based in the coastal regions of Southern California. 2. East Side Long Beach Rollin 20's Crip(wear blue, black, yellow)Black Mafia Family Crips(wear black & blue Aug 19, 2022 · 52 hoover gangstaz wear blue,orange,and sometimes greenthey also wear Houston Astros hats because of the colors,the 5 point star,and the H. The gang leaders would Apr 25, 2024 · The only rule is that Crips are NOT allowed to wear a red bandana &amp; Bloods are NOT allowed to wear a blue bandana, but as far as a Crip wearing red shirt, shoes, pants or whatever, yeah Crips Aug 22, 2023 · All Crips wear the color blue as their main color, but some sets do wear the color black. [2] [3] [4] Other terms referring to male members of the subculture may include vato and vato loco. Nov 10, 2023 · Chris has been one of the biggest names in climbing for the last 20 years. It serves as a visual representation of the values that Crips hold dear and a reminder to its members to adhere to these principles. As I said, most bandana colors are safe to wear but it all depends on your location. Dec 7, 2022 · Do any crips wear red? Yeah, Crips are allowed to wear the color red, just as the Bloods are allowed to wear the color blue. Members may dress similarly or wear the gang's colors. The Crips gang originated in Los Angeles in 1969 and stemmed from the Black Panther organization Credit: Corbis Historical - Getty. Dec 5, 2022 · The Crips. 1. Throughout the mid-20th century, South Central Los Angeles was a Dec 2, 2022 · Furthermore, we can discuss Tattoo, Graffiti, Bandanas, Colors, and Clothing. In the early 00s, the Crips took to wearing the classic shoe and turned Adidas into an acronym for "All Day I Disrespect All Slobs" among the gang's members. This gang claims 55th Street from Normandie Avenue in the west to Vermont Avenue in the east as their turf. They are commonly employed in low-security settings, such as those within specific prison areas such as communal spaces and cells. Sep 1, 2023 · The Crips are one of the most well-known gangs that wears black bandanas. The most common bandana colors that are used by different gangs are black, red, gray, yellow, and white. What bandana colors to avoid Jul 19, 2023 · One of the distinctive features of the Crips is the use of blue as their primary color. But to get more specific, the blood set that reps this hat is the Cedar Block Pirus. Blue Hats: Crips tend to favor blues, particularly royal blue. Vice Lords rep black, yellow, and red (sometimes), C-Notes (not a big one) wear the Italian flag colors, Insane Northside Popes (not a big one) rep light The number 5 is commonly used by the Bloods, and the number 6 is used by the Crips. In reality, the Reds hat and the “C” logo is limited to the L. They are easy to put on and take off but offer less support than sneakers. The Zoot Suit was a sign of rebellion against American culture. They’re more elevated than your usual rubber flip-flops. Lou Savelli, President. “BK” gesture: Known as ‘Bk’ for Blood Killer, this signal involves spreading out all fingers while holding down the ring finger using either another finger or palm. S. Mac Thomas Compton Crips were allies of the Westside Crips led by Stanley Tookie Williams, who is also the co-founder of the Crips. Most Crips “represent” to the right by tilting their hats to the right side, wearing blue-colored laces on the right shoe, and rolling up the right pant’s leg, etc. The shoe has become so closely linked to the transnational gang, in fact, that police in gang areas commonly assume that anyone wearing the shoe is involved with MS-13. What hats mean in LA?Q. Members of the Crips often wear blue clothing along with their signature black bandanas to identify themselves as part of the gang. The interlocking "SF" logo is supposed to disrespect rival southern gangs, as the Norteños commonly refer to them as "scraps" or "sewer rats. Bandanas are often used to represent gang affiliations, different gangs have different colors. Ankle Boots. com. New Balance in Honolulu, PUMA at Rikers Island or ‘Air Patakis’ in New York City, these are the sneakers that defined America’s prisons. Mar 15, 2024 · Wider leg pants like culottes also look great with chunkier shoes, such as those with a platform, chunky heels or wider widths. The Bloods gang is a gang under the Blood Alliance &amp They are two different rival gangs who wear different colors to identify their group. Reason – The Red Cincinnati Reds baseball hat are mainly worn by bloods due to the color. Bloods wear red, Crips wear blue. Bandanas are traditionally made to protect from dust and sweat. To enhance a gangster image and establish income, members involved themselves in limited criminal The blacks started the Jordan Down Crips around 1973 and a guy named Pee Wee is considered the founder. May 10, 2024 · Crips. Aug 1, 2023 · Bandana Color Meaning. But Farmer, a former Crip who is now a gang intervention worker, said that for many years colors remained the key distinction. A member of the Crip gang may wear the Seattle Mariners baseball hat not only because it is blue, but because the letters stand for, “Murder All Roo Apr 21, 2021 · Most commonly affiliated with the Rolling 60's neighbourhood Crip's, a gang formed in '76 derived from the Westside Crip's. members to buy weapons and cell phones as well as food, shoes and legal services for incarcerated MS-13 members. <>Most Crip sets wear blue. Left side, never right. 7 (7) Bloods call Crips “Crabs”. What is the most gangster shoe? The most gangsta shoe in history: Nike Cortez. Discuss general Black gangs in Los Angeles County which include Bloods, Crips, Hustlers, Crews and Independent groups in Feb 23, 2021 · The Nike Cortez was popular because they looked intimidating when you saw them. Blue is also used in the gang’s graffiti and other forms of visual symbolism, such as tattoos. According to Ronald “Cook” Barrett, an Albany-based gang-prevention expert, MS-13’s adoption of the shoe as an “identifier Apr 25, 2024 · AnswerBot. This brand is one of the most common shoe brand to Crip walk in 87 / 100. and Central American gang MS-13 has adopted the Nike Cortez as part of its uniform, functioning as a sign of allegiance. Here I’m pairing them with a white tank cropped top and black crop flare jeans. crips. They are used by organizations symbolization, gang culture, and now recently, as a fashionable trend. Be cautious of where you are going though and always make Dec 25, 2019 · The Grape Street Crips in Watts and New Jersey wear the color purple. The history of the shoe. Latin Kings wear black and gold. LA Angels Ball Cap | Athens Park Bloods Source:Amazon. Aug 19, 2023 · The only rule is that Crips are NOT allowed to wear a red bandana &amp; Bloods are NOT allowed to wear a blue bandana, but as far as a Crip wearing red shirt, shoes, pants or whatever, yeah Crips May 25, 2024 · What shoes do Crips wear? The Adidas Superstar is associated with much more than Run-D. Having been climbing for so long, Sharma certainly knows a thing or two about good climbing shoes. g. Black and Silver: Sometimes linked to the Raiders and can indicate ties to various gang subsets. If you’re looking for comfortable shoes to wear with capris then slip-on sneakers are the way to go. The Cortez has a long history of notorious ties. Hand Signs. You should avoid wearing a blue or red bandana in most parts of Los Angeles. Lvl 2. Blood feud is often called "Blue vs. The predominant color used by Gangster Crips is Navy Blue, while some Neighborhoods are known to wear powder blue or baby blue. Founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1969, mainly by Raymond Washington and Stanley Williams, the Crips began as an alliance between two autonomous gangs, and developed into a loosely connected network of individual "sets", often engaged in open warfare with one In conclusion, the Crips gang is well-known for its signature colors of blue and purple. and most identify with one or more colors of every description. …. Womens Shirts 2024 Button Down Long Sleeve Shirts Summer Casual Trendy T Shirt Lightweight Breathable Loose Fit Tops. Since the early days of gang banging, chucks were always rocked with a fresh pair of dickies and some white socks. " Raymond Washington became disappointed in his own gang as the use of guns became a part of neighborhood warfare. When black street gangs first appeared in South Central Los Angeles in the 1920s, they were comprised of family members and close friends. " what side do crips wear and carry they rags. Purple represents the Grape Street Crips, a sub-set of the Crips gang. C. So see what (if any) gangs are prominent in your area, and check the color meaning table to figure out which colors you need to avoid. Bandana has been associated with different things throughout history. But in the 1940s, American Pachucos wore the Zoot Suit. The Gang has what is thought to be around 8,000 members making it one of Los Angeles largest street gangs. Aug 19, 2023 · gangster disciples. Creating new meanings for brand names is actually pretty common. Gang affiliation – Bloods, Cedar Block Piru, Campanella Park Piru. MS-13 wear blue. Wiki User. See full list on styleandrun. Apr 1, 2009 · The shoe was a popular find on OG Crip walkers (still can be seen in many videos by people who do the Original Crip Walk). What does NY hat mean in LA?Q. ” Similar to the term “Bloods,” the term “Crips” should always be capitalized when referring to the gang. Sep 3, 2023 · Short answer bandana gang signs: Bandana gang signs are hand gestures used by some gangs to identify their affiliation and communicate with fellow members. During the 1980s the gang occupying this area was known as the “55 Hustler Crips”. ’s Piru Bloods. Crips typically wear their flag on the right side of their body. Each point of the crown represents a specific principle: love, unity, respect, knowledge, understanding, and loyalty. Apr 25, 2024 · Crips may wear their hats tilted to the left side to signify their gang affiliation. Apr 2, 2024 · 4. Leather flip-flops are a good option on hot days that you just need to run out the door and go. During the war, most things were rationed for the war effort, including cloth. It comes from the word “cripple”, which means someone who has been crippled or injured. frankie310cpt. The most common gang signs are the “Hand Signs” which are made by holding up hands and fingers with different styles. Apr 3, 2024 · Pittsburgh Pirates. ∙ 1y ago. Under Armour UnderArmour Norteno gangs Nuestra Familia Nortenos. Jun 6, 2023 · The two gangs have their symbols and behavio r. 5. " The "SF" also stands for Chicago's "Stoned Freaks. Silver Shoes for Sparkle. The only ''Hoover Crip'' set left is the ''5 Feb 6, 2023 · Casual shoes with cropped jeans. 99 delivery Jun 24 - Jul 3. Save 5% with coupon (some sizes/colors) $2. And of course, heels will always give you a longer, leaner look than flats. Reply reply. br ea wb ox cv dp gg gv gd vc